Levodopa

This page contains recent news articles, when available, and an overview of Levodopa but does not offer medical advice. You should contact your physician with regard to any health issues or concerns.


Overview:

Levodopa
(when available)

Pharmacology and use:
Levodopa (L-dopa) is used to replace dopamine lost in Parkinson's disease because dopamine itself cannot cross the blood-brain barrier where its precursor can. However, L-DOPA is converted to dopamine in the periphery as well as in the CNS, so it is administered with a peripheral DDC (dopamine decarboxylase) inhibitor such as carbidopa, without which 90% is metabolised in the gut wall, and with a COMT inhibitor if possible; this prevents about a 5% loss. The form given therapeutically is therefore a prodrug which avoids decarboxylation in the stomach and periphery, can cross the blood-brain barrier, and once in the brain is converted to the neurotransmitter dopamine by the enzyme aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase. For the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (Paralysis Agitans), postencephalitic parkinsonism, symptomatic parkinsonism which may follow injury to the nervous system by carbon monoxide intoxication, and manganese intoxication.

Mechanism Of Action:
Striatal dopamine levels in symptomatic Parkinson's disease are decreased by 60 to 80%, striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission may be enhanced by exogenous supplementation of dopamine through administration of dopamine's precursor, levodopa. A small percentage of each levodopa dose crosses the blood-brain barrier and is decarboxylated to dopamine. This newly formed dopamine then is available to stimulate dopaminergic receptors, thus compensating for the depleted supply of endogenous dopamine.

News Articles on Levodopa

MJFF projects to investigate placebo effect in Parkinson's  -  05 Jan 2010
...and learning tasks, comparing how the activity changes when patients are given levodopa, the gold-standard drug treatment for Parkinson's, or placebo. ... Pharma Times

Biotech's 2009 Stealth Small Cap Rally  -  ‎Jan 4, 2010‎
IPX066 is an investigational extended release carbidopa-levodopa product intended to rapidly achieve and then sustain effective blood concentrations of ... Seeking Alpha (blog)

MJFF to fund more Parkinson's research  -  ‎Dec 30, 2009‎
Then they will explore how brain activity changes when the patients are given levodopa, which is considered the gold-standard treatment for Parkinson's ... Barchester Healthcare

Michael J. Fox Foundation Awards $1 Million for Critical Step Toward ...  -  ‎Dec 21, 2009‎
..."The drug levodopa, which is converted to dopamine, the chemical lost in Parkinson's disease, is our gold-standard treatment for relieving stiffness, ... PR Newswire (press release)

FDA Cuts Food and Drug Restrictions for Parkinson's Medication  -  ‎Dec 15, 2009‎
Rasagiline is indicated as an initial treatment for the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease and as part of a combination therapy with levodopa in the ... MedPage Today

Drug Candidates In Pipeline Offer Potential For Parkinson's Disease ...  -  ‎Dec 10, 2009‎
...guidelines that call for using dopamine agonists as first-line therapy, the market is experiencing a shift away from the use of carbidopa/levodopa. ... Pharmaceutical Online (press release)

Parkinson's disease: Its cause and treatment  -  ‎Dec 10, 2009‎
Sinemet, for example, is the combination of two medicine, levodopa and cardiodopa. Levodopa is a precursor of dopamine. Dopamine cannot penetrate into the ... Herald & Review

Piper Jaffray Initiates Coverage on Impax Laboratories (IPXL) with an ...  -  ‎Dec 10, 2009‎
The most intriguing pipeline product in our view is IPX066, a controlled-release formulation of levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson's. ... StreetInsider.com (subscription)

Addex stops development of lead drug  -  ‎Dec 15, 2009‎
ADX48621, has completed early stage testing and should start a mid-stage trail for treatment of Parkinson's disease levodopa induced dyskinesia in the ... Reuters

Teva Launches Co-Beneldopa (Levodopa/Benserazide)  -  ‎Dec 18, 2009‎
CASTLEFORD, England, December 18/PRNewswire/ -- Teva UK Limited has launched generic co-beneldopa capsules in a variety of strengths. ... PharmaLive.com (press release)

Chelsea Therapeutics Reports Subgroup Analysis of 44 Parkinson's Patients in ...  -  ‎Dec 14, 2009‎
Results from this subgroup analysis demonstrate that PD patients, all of whom were on concomitant Levodopa/dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors, ... CNNMoney.com (press release)

Investigational Agent Improves Motility in Parkinson's Patients  -  ‎Dec 16, 2009‎
They found that all Parkinson's disease patients who were on concomitant therapy with levodopa/dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors showed improvement over placebo ... MedPage Today

Restless Leg Syndrome may indicate other problems  -  ‎Dec 13, 2009‎
Other medication options include: Carbidopa/levodopa, opioids, or Neurontin. Neurontin appears to be very effective if the individual is experiencing ... Sky Hi Daily News

Parkinson's disease  -  ‎Dec 17, 2009‎
Medications include Dopamine antagonists, levodopa, MAO B inhibitors, Catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors and antiviral and anticholinergic drugs. ... bolohealth.com

Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease May Increase in Indonesia: Health Expert  -  ‎Dec 15, 2009‎
She said increasing the dosage of a one such drug, Levodopa, could cause the same side-effects. Banon also said that sufferers would usually develop a ... Jakarta Globe

Addex Ends Migraine Prevention Study  -  ‎Dec 20, 2009‎
ADX48621, our next-stage mGluR5 NAM, has completed Phase I testing and will enter Phase II for Parkinson's disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia (PD-LID) in ... Medical News Today (press release)

Novartis set to sustain its leading global position in oncology with portfolio ...  -  ‎Dec 12, 2009‎
AFQ056 has the potential to become the first approved treatment for Parkinson's disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia (PD-LID). Affecting 40% of patients with ... PR-USA.net (press release)

Several Factors Could Be Contributing to Orthostatic Hypotension  -  ‎Dec 10, 2009‎
Third, some medications for Parkinson's disease -- such as those that combine levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet, Parcopa, Carbilev) -- may make orthostatic ... Hartford Courant

Merck Serono Initiates KAMPER, the First Pan-European Registry for Patients ...  -  ‎Dec 10, 2009‎
However, since BH4 does not cross the blood brain barrier, concomitant therapy with neurotransmitter precursors, ie levodopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan, ... FOXBusiness

non prometto nulla"  -  ‎Dec 29, 2009‎
«Sessant'anni fa, il primo medico che utilizzò la levodopa fu sospeso dall'Ordine dei Medici perché era tossica. Oggi la levodopa è il farmaco di ... La Stampa

Addex konzentriert Forschung auf ADX48621 - bis Ende 2011 finanziert  -  ‎Dec 15, 2009‎
Der neue Hoffnungsträger ADX48621 zur Behandlung Levodopa-induzierter Dyskinesie bei Parkinson dürfte im vierten Quartal 2010 in klinische Tests der Phase ... Handelszeitung Online

Addex: Anleger wittern Kurserholung nach Crash  -  ‎Dec 16, 2009‎
Der Produktekandidat habe in vorklinischen Studien vielversprechende Resultate bei Levodopa-induzierter Dyskinesie bei Parkinson-Erkrankung gezeitigt, ... Cash

Merck Serono startet mit KAMPER das erste gesamteuropäische Register für Kuvan ...  -  ‎Dec 10, 2009‎
Da BH4 jedoch die Blut-Hirn-Schranke nicht überschreitet, kann eine gleichzeitige Therapie mit Neurotransmitter-Vorläufern, dh Levodopa und ... news aktuell Schweiz (Pressemitteilung)

Genterapi mot Parkinsons  -  14 Nov 2009
Siden 1960-tallet har man primært behandlet parkinsonpasienter med legemidlet levodopa i pilleform. Problemet med den typen medisinering er at ... forskning.no

What's for Dinner? Brain Chemical Helps People Decide  -  ‎Nov 12, 2009‎
Sharot and her colleagues found that giving people a drug (levodopa) that increases dopamine concentrations boosted their enjoyment as they imagined taking ... U.S. News & World Report

Addex Pharma Presents Results From Studies Of ADX10059 In Animal Models Of ...  -  ‎Nov 2, 2009‎
PK: News ) said it presented results from studies of its lead clinical candidate, ADX10059, in animal models of Parkinson's disease levodopa induced ... RTT News

Impax Pharmaceuticals Initiates Second Phase III Trial of IPX066 in Parkinson ...  -  ‎Oct 26, 2009‎
IPX066 is an investigational extended release carbidopa-levodopa product intended to rapidly achieve and then sustain effective blood concentrations of ... Reuters

Addex Presents ADX10059 PD-LID Data at GPCR Drug Discovery Conference  -  ‎Nov 6, 2009‎
PD-LID develops in most PD patients after receiving levodopa for several years. It is a complication caused by dopamine replacement therapy (ie levodopa). ... PR-USA.net (press release)

Impax Pharmaceuticals initiates second Phase III Parkinson's trial  -  ‎Oct 27, 2009‎
Acconding to Impax, IPX066 is an investigational extended release carbidopa-levodopa product intended to rapidly achieve and then sustain effective blood ... Therapeutics Daily (press release) (registration)

What is Parkinson's Disease?  -  ‎Nov 8, 2009‎
One of the most common medicines is a combination of levodopa and carbidopa. Although this combination is effective, it tends to work less and less over ... 24 Medica

Google's Guinea Pigs  -  ‎Nov 11, 2009‎
Early treatment with drugs such as levodopa would only build up my body's tolerance, rendering the drug less effective sooner. Same with Creutzfeldt-Jakob ... Mother Jones

Depomed Reports Third Quarter 2009 Financial Results  -  ‎Oct 29, 2009‎
Depomed`s proprietary extended release formulation of levodopa/carbidopa (August 2009) * Announced positive results of Phase 3 clinical program for ... Reuters

Targacept Inc. Reports Operating Results (10-Q)  -  ‎Nov 6, 2009‎
...or MJFF, to fund preclinical research involving the use of compounds that modulate NNRs to address Levodopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements, ... GuruFocus.com

What is the appropriate use of chronic medications in the perioperative setting?  -  ‎Nov 5, 2009‎
The patient's home medications include aspirin, carbidopa/levodopa, celecoxib, clonidine, estradiol, ginkgo, lisinopril, NPH insulin, sulfasalazine, ... The Hospitalist Online

SurModics and NuPathe Partner to Develop Novel Long-Acting Parkinson's Treatment  -  ‎Nov 2, 2009‎
Primary treatments include dopamine supplementation through dopamine agonists and/or carbidopa/levodopa. While these treatments are effective, ... WELT ONLINE

Impax Laboratories Continues Trend of Solid Growth in Revenue, Profit and ...  -  ‎Nov 3, 2009‎
In April 2009, based on encouraging interim data, we began enrolling patients in the Phase III trial in levodopa naive Parkinson's disease patients in North ... WELT ONLINE

Statins Protect Against Parkinson's Progression in Mice  -  ‎Nov 2, 2009‎
Currently the most effective option for treating Parkinson's disease clinically -- levodopa plus carbidopa (Parcopa or Sinemet) -- helps only 30% to 40% of ... MedPage Today

Brain Imaging of Early Stage Parkinson's  -  ‎Oct 21, 2009‎
Vaillancourt's group wants to study what is happening before Parkinson's patients begin treatment with drugs such as levodopa that can change the way the ... PsychCentral.com

Deep brain stimulation offers hope for Parkinson's patients  -  ‎Nov 10, 2009‎
...dose of medication leads to a significant improvement in side effects such as dyskinesias (involuntary movements caused by long-term use of levodopa). ... Asian Tribune

Orion withdraws US application for extending the indication of Stalevo®  -  ‎Oct 21, 2009‎
In the USA, Stalevo is currently indicated to treat patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease to substitute for immediate-release carbidopa/levodopa and ... PipelineReview.com (press release)

Can drugs for Parkinson's Disease cause uncontrollable desires?  -  ‎Oct 18, 2009‎
Aside from dopamine agonists, the other major class of drug used to treat Parkinson's is levodopa, which is converted directly into dopamine in the brain. ... Telegraph.co.uk

Orion Group Interim Report January-September 2009  -  ‎Oct 26, 2009‎
Net sales of Orion's Parkinson's drugs Stalevo(R) (carbidopa, levodopa and entacapone) and Comtess(R)/Comtan(R) (entacapone) totalled EUR 182.2 (155.7) ... Trading Markets (press release)

Tratamientos para el parkinson en estado avanzado  -  ‎Nov 13, 2009‎
Los tratamientos para pacientes con parkinson avanzado pasan por suministrar un medicamento como la levodopa. El enfermo de parkinson pasa por dos estadios, ... Vivir Mejor

Hi vá»?ng má»›i cho bệnh nhân Parkinson  -  ‎Oct 31, 2009‎
Thuốc Ä‘iá»?u trị cung cấp dopamine dưới dạng tiá»?n chất (levodopa) khi uống vào sẽ được khá»­ carboxy và biến thành dopamine ở trong não và cả khu vá»±c ngoài não. ... Tuổi Trẻ

Dopamin reguliert Entscheidungen  -  ‎Nov 12, 2009‎
Danach wurde einem Teil Levodopa verabreicht, ein die Dopaminbildung steigerndes Mittel, dem anderen ein Placebo. Danach hatten sie sich die Gefühle über ... ORF.at

Addex erzielt gutes Ergebnis für ADX10059 bei Parkinson-Dyskinesie in Tiermodell  -  ‎Nov 3, 2009‎
Genf (awp) - Die Addex Pharmaceuticals SA hat mit dem Produktkandidaten ADX10059 in Tiermodellen für Levodopa-induzierte Dyskinesie bei Parkinson gute ... Handelszeitung Online

Impax 开始第三阶段临床实验的第二部份  -  ‎Oct 26, 2009‎
ADVANCE-PD研究将评估IPX066比较短效版carbidopa-levodopa的安全与疗效。 å…?责声明:本文仅代表作者个人观点,与凤凰网无关。其原创性以å?Šæ–‡ä¸­é™ˆè¿°æ–‡å­—和内容未ç»?本站 ... 凤凰网

Il Parkinson si combatte anche a teatro  -  ‎Nov 12, 2009‎
...prosegue Ruggieri, “inoltre deve saper riconoscere, nella molteplicità dei sintomi, anche quelli marginalmente legati alla carenza di levodopa�. ... LiberoReporter

مرض باركنسون .. شلل الإبداع الرعاش  -  ‎Nov 9, 2009‎
العلاج بعقار الدوبا L-Dopa أو مزيج من Levodopa and carbidopa Ù?Ù‰ البداية يعطى نتائج مشجعة، لكن للأسÙ? لا يستمر ذلك الأثر الجيد إلا لسنوات معدودة لا تتجاوز ... الشروق

Phòng tránh tương tác các thuốc thưá»?ng gặp  -  ‎Nov 3, 2009‎
Ngưá»?i bệnh Parkinson Ä‘ang dùng levodopa, khi mất ngá»§ lại dùng thêm thuốc ngá»§ chlordiazepoxid thì thuốc ngá»§ này lại đối kháng lại làm giảm tác dụng cá»§a ... Báo Hoà Bình

Lernen ist das beste Hirndoping  -  ‎Nov 3, 2009‎
Neuro-Enhancer wie Levodopa, Modafinil oder Ritalin wirken nicht als Gehirndoping, wie dies in den populären Medien häufig behauptet wird. ... ETH Life online

Terapia genética pode ajudar no tratamento do Mal de Parkinson  -  ‎Oct 22, 2009‎
...cuja presença se reduz nos pacientes portadores da doença, por meio de doses medicinais de levodopa, ou L-DOPA, um precursor da dopamina. ... Terra Brasil

… study shows Parkinson's drug controls symptoms more than levodopa  -  Apr 15, 2008
Stalevo is a levodopa therapy combining levodopa and carbidopa with the enzyme inhibitor entacapone, which extends the presence of levodopa in the ... Forbes

Levodopa medications for Parkinson's disease  -  Dec 8, 2008
Carbidopa is a medicine (called a decarboxylase inhibitor) that, when taken with levodopa, helps prevent the levodopa from converting to dopamine outside ... WebMD

Levodopa—toxic or neuroprotective?  -  Feb 8, 2006
The successful administration of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease in 1967 was nothing short of miraculous. 1 Early morning news shows of the ... Nature.com

DRF: Hearing scheduled for trainer Biancone - Horse Racing - nbcsports...  -  Sep 19, 2007
No tests exist to detect cobra venom, levodopa, or carbidopa. ... Levodopa stimulates the production of dopamine in the brain, while carbidopa is ... msnbc.com

Drug Cuts 'Off' Time for Parkinson's Patients  -  Apr 2, 2007
Half the patients took 24-hour prolonged release ropinirole and levodopa for six months, while the other half took a placebo and levodopa. ... ABC News

Parkinson's hope over 'implants'  -  Dec 13, 2005
The most common drug treatment for the brain condition is levodopa, but the pills can leave ... Levodopa is used to treat some of the common symptoms of the ... BBC News

Drug to cut Parkinson's problems  -  Mar 12, 2005
Drugs such as levodopa, which boost levels of a brain chemical called dopamine, ... They are often used so people can delay starting to take levodopa, ... BBC News

A case of levodopa-responsive camptocormia associated with advanced …  -  Jan 5, 2007
Background A 48-year-old man with a 9-year history of Parkinson's disease who had previously shown a good response to levodopa presented for evaluation of ... Nature.com

… of Parkinson disease: treatment of levodopa-associated "wearing...  -  Aug 1, 2006
Levodopa effectively relieves the symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), but as the disease ... Dopamine agonists can help to reduce the need for levodopa. ... Free with registration - Formulary - AccessMyLibrary.com

… May Decrease Homocysteine Levels in Levodopa-Treated PD Patients  -  Mar 10, 2005
March 10, 2005 — Entacapone therapy significantly decreases elevated plasma homocysteine levels in levodopa-treated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, ... Medscape

Teva Gets Parkinson's Drug OK  -  May 17, 2006
For this latter group of patients, Azilect will be used with the stronger drug levodopa. Parkinson's disease causes a progressive loss of nerve-cell ... TheStreet.com - TheStreet.com (subscription)

Solvay's Duodopa intestinal gel gets FDA fast track status for...  -  Feb 19, 2008
In 2000, levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel received orphan drug designation from the FDA for the treatment of late-stage Parkinson's disease. ... Forbes

Study Probes Parkinson Drugs' Effect on Motivation  -  Apr 26, 2007
One group received levodopa, which increases dopamine levels in the brain. ... Those who took dopamine-boosting levodopa were 95 percent more likely than ... Washington Post

Valeant Parkinson's Drug Cleared  -  Jun 15, 2006
The FDA approved the once-daily tablet as an adjunct therapy in patients receiving stronger drugs, levodopa or carbidopa. Zelapar will be used by patients ... TheStreet.com - TheStreet.com (subscription)

Frequently Asked Questions About Parkinson's Disease  -  Jun 1, 2005
Usually, patients are given levodopa combined with carbidopa. Carbidopa delays the conversion of levodopa into dopamine until it reaches the brain. ... WebMD

Long-term outcome in Parkinson disease: no advantage to initiating …  -  Aug 18, 2008
Several years later, levodopa brought miraculous relief to patients with PD, ... As observed in other trials that compared levodopa and dopamine agonists, ... Nature.com

Fox Urges Researchers to Speed Therapies  -  May 7, 2007
..."Levodopa is the gold-standard treatment for Parkinson's ... But it's a little frustrating that the best drug we've got is one that's been around for 40 ... Washington Post

Carbidopa, Entacapone and Levodopa ( Systemic).  -  Jul 28, 2005
Carbidopa, entacapone and levodopa (kar-bi-DOE-pa, en-TA-ka-pone and lee-voe-DOE-pa ) is used to treat Parkinson's disease, sometimes referred to as shaking ... Free with registration - USP DI-Volume II, Advice for the... - AccessMyLibrary.com

Finland's Orion files US suit to protect key drug  -  Dec 8, 2008
...'Stalevo is an enhanced levodopa treatment originated by Orion Corporation and marketed in the United States by its exclusive licensee, Novartis (nyse: NVS ... Forbes

Parkinson's often misdiagnosed  -  Apr 3, 2006
Patient improves after taking the drugs levodopa or apomorphine. ... However, 30 percent of patients who do respond well to levodopa actually have a ... San Diego Union - Tribune - San Diego Union Tribune

Neurotoxicity of levodopa: treatment-associated homocysteine increase  -  Jan 29, 2007
The excellent Viewpoint on the role of levodopa (LD) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) by William Weiner focuses on the saga of harmful LD, ... Nature.com

Sun Pharma to sell Sinemet generic in US  -  Nov 5, 2008
Sun will sell the Bristol-Myers Squibb drug, which is a combination of carbidopa and levodopa, in three strengths of 10 mg/100 mg, 25 mg/100 mg and 25 ... Reuters India

… Research; Pergolide protects against levodopa-induced cytotoxicity...  -  Mar 7, 2005
..."The issues of whether levodopa induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis of NSCs ... In this study, the possible cytotoxicity of levodopa at different doses on ... Pay-Per-View - Pain & Central Nervous System Week - Factiva, from Dow Jones

1.Carbidopa and Levodopa (kar-bi-DOE-pa and lee-voe-DOE-pa)(***)  -  Feb 1, 2006
Levodopa is used alone or in combination with carbidopa to treat Parkinson's disease, sometimes referred to as shaking palsy. Some patients require the ... Free with registration - USP DI-Volume II, Advice for the... - AccessMyLibrary.com

Nicotine may ease Parkinson's symptoms: US study  -  Oct 24, 2007
The main treatment, levodopa or L-dopa, itself causes the abnormal involuntary movements after a time. For years, researchers had noted that people who ... Reuters UK

Pallidotomy (posteroventral pallidotomy) for Parkinson's disease  -  Dec 8, 2008
Pallidotomy probably is not a good choice for treatment when a person has not responded to levodopa. Some studies suggest that people with parkinsonian ... WebMD

FPIN's Clinical Inquiries  -  Aug 1, 2005
Usual tablet strength used is 25 mg of carbidopa with 100 mg of levodopa. ... One large RCT4 directly compared bromocriptine with levodopa in a 10-year ... AAFP News Now

How to take Levodopa and Carbidopa from Consumer Reports Health.  -  Jan 10, 2006
...tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to levodopa and carbidopa any other medications, or any of the ingredients in levodopa and carbidopa ... consumerreports.org

Nicotine Reduces Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias In Parkinson's  -  Oct 25, 2007
The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center has announced research showing that intermittent nicotine treatment reduces medication-induced dyskinesias by ... Medical News Today - Medical News Today (press release)

Implanted eye cells eased Parkinson's  -  Dec 19, 2005
For most patients, levodopa pills lose their effectiveness within five years, and larger and larger doses are needed to curb the involuntary movements and ... Boston Globe

Levodopa improves tremors, involuntary movements in Parkinson …  -  Jan 2, 2007
A drug used to treat epilepsy has been found to significantly improve tremors, motor fluctuations, and other involuntary movements, or dyskinesias, ... News-Medical.net

Citing Limbaugh, Fox 31 misled on Michael J. Fox stem cell ad  -  Oct 26, 2006
The entry for Levodopa on the website of the Parkinson's Disease Foundation notes ... Forty years after its discovery, levodopa remains the most effective ... mediamatters.org

'Ecstasy' Drug May Yield New Parkinson's Drugs  -  Aug 1, 2005
Many Parkinson's drugs -- including levodopa -- address the brain's dopamine shortfall. However, complications from long-term levodopa use can also hinder ... WebMD

Novel ionic liquid method promises low-cost levodopa production  -  Dec 11, 2006
By Susan Gotensparre, 11-Dec-2006. Dutch researchers have developed a new way of making a Parkinson's disease drug using an inexpensive ionic liquid method ... In-PharmaTechnologist.com

COMT inhibitors for Parkinson's disease  -  Dec 8, 2008
Normally when a person takes a dose of levodopa, only a very small portion of the dose ... They help provide a more stable, constant supply of levodopa, ... WebMD

Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia: Medical and Surgical Management  -  Sep 1, 2007
CHRISTOPHER KENNEY, MD, is assistant professor at the Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. ... Psychiatric Times

New Evidence Demonstrates Use of Stalevo Improves Quality of Life and...  -  Nov 1, 2006
..."The results presented today show that enhanced levodopa therapy can ... The results from the earlier initiation of enhanced levodopa therapy are of great ... DG News

Levodopa and Carbidopa  -  Sep 13, 2008
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : The combination of Levodopa and carbidopa relieves some symptoms of Parkinson's disease, including tremors, stiffness, ... MedIndia

Kentucky gives vet 5-year ban  -  Sep 18, 2007
Stewart, a native of Australia, was issued an additional one-year suspension for the discovery of Levodopa and Carbidopa, which also are Class A prohibited ... ESPN

Prosodic characteristics of Parkinsonian speech: the effect of levodop...  -  Mar 1, 2005
For the first 2 to 5 years after initiating levodopa treatment, ... Research examining the effect of levodopa initiation on aspects of prosody is more ... Free with registration - Journal of Medical Speech - Language... - AccessMyLibrary.com

Learn about Levodopa and Carbidopa from Consumer Reports Health.  -  Jan 10, 2006
The combination of levodopa and carbidopa is used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's-like symptoms that may develop after ... consumerreports.org

Schwarz Pharma's Neupro gets EU marketing approval for all stages of ...  -  Jan 16, 2007
It now also has the right to market the patch for advanced stages of Parkinson's in combination with Levodopa. Although the company can now market Neupro in ... Forbes

… demonstrated improvement in levodopa-treated Parkinson patients  -  Apr 4, 2005
All patients received optimized levodopa and were randomized to receive ... Patients receiving either AGILECT or entacapone in addition to levodopa had ... Pay-Per-View - Clinical Oncology Week - Factiva, from Dow Jones

24-Hour Parkinson's Drug: Longer Relief?  -  Apr 5, 2007
...their daily dose of the widely used Parkinson's drug levodopa, which is commonly ... levodopa and the other half took levodopa and a placebo for 24 weeks. ... CBS News

Teva hopes to repeat Copaxone success with Parkinson's drug  -  May 19, 2006
Conventional drugs for Parkinson's, such as levodopa, lose their effect over time, and have to be taken eight times a day. But rasagiline tablets are taken ... Jerusalem Post

Dopamine Agonist Risk-Benefit Unclear in Parkinson's  -  Apr 16, 2008
A qualitative analysis suggested that levodopa did a better job treating the standard symptoms of Parkinson's, including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, ... MedPage Today

Crunch Time at Teva  -  Aug 4, 2005
Levodopa is converted into dopamine by an enzyme in the brain. Levodopa is usually combined with carbidopa, which slows the conversion of levodopa into ... TheStreet.com - TheStreet.com (subscription)

Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease  -  Dec 8, 2008
Reduce the on-off motor fluctuations associated with long-term use of levodopa. During the course of a day, you may have "on" periods when the levodopa ... WebMD

Not about getting old ...  -  Apr 29, 2007
Dr Chew said a new three-in-one drug comprising a pharmacokinetically enhanced levodopa therapy comprising levodopa, carbidopa and entacapone was available ... Malaysia Star

Teva Neuroscience releases drug to treat Parkinson's  -  Jul 31, 2006
The drug received FDA approval as a monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease and an adjunct to another medication, levodopa, in moderate to advanced stages ... Bizjournals.com

Agilect Improved Parkinson's Symptoms in Levodopa-Treated Patients  -  Feb 17, 2005
Patients with moderate-to-advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing motor complications who added once-daily Agilect to their treatment with optimized ... Pay-Per-View - FDAnews Drug Pipeline Alert - Factiva, from Dow Jones

IMPAX to Develop Next-Generation Carbidopa/Levodopa Product  -  Apr 14, 2008
IMPAX Laboratories, Inc. (OTC:IPXL) today announced that the Company has begun work to develop a next-generation carbidopa/levodopa product. ... Genetic Engineering News - Genetic Engineering News (press release)

Two compounds to be studied as part of Parkinson's fight .  -  Feb 27, 2006
Standard treatments are to replace lost dopamine with the drug levodopa, and a brain implant to control tremors. Both work for a while, but can't stop the ... Milwaukee Journal Sentinel - Google News Archive

Study examining Parkinson's drug-gambling link  -  Mar 5, 2007
Medications that treat symptoms of Parkinson's include levodopa, which is converted ... Scientists say preliminary research shows levodopa contributes to an ... CTV.ca

CARBIDOPA, ENTACAPONE, AND LEVODOPA (Oral route) - lee-voe- …  -  May 1, 2007
Carbidopa, entacapone and levodopa is used to treat Parkinson's disease, sometimes referred to as shaking palsy. Parkinson's disease is a disorder of the ... Free with registration - USP DI-Volume II, Advice for the... - AccessMyLibrary.com

… Research; Pergolide protects against levodopa-induced cytotoxicity...  -  Mar 8, 2005
..."The issues of whether levodopa induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis of NSCs ... In this study, the possible cytotoxicity of levodopa at different doses on ... Pay-Per-View - Science Letter - Factiva, from Dow Jones

BIO 2007 ; Fox: Take risks in fight vs. diseases  -  May 8, 2007
..."Levodopa is the gold-standard treatment for Parkinson's," said Fox, who has established his own foundation to help fund studies of the disease that's ... Pay-Per-View - Boston Herald - ProQuest Archiver

Addex Parkinson's Product Progressing in Early Clinical Trials  -  Oct 15, 2008
ADX48621 is scheduled to start a Phase IIa proof of concept study for the treatment of levodopa associated dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease during the ... webwire.com

Cough suppressant may help in Parkinson's  -  Nov 8, 2007
...such cold and flu medications -- suppresses dyskinesias, the spastic or repetitive motions that result from taking levodopa over long periods, in rats. ... United Press International

Levodopa May Augment Recovery From Poststroke Aphasia  -  Oct 19, 2007
October 19, 2007 (Washington, DC) — Levodopa, in combination with speech and language therapy, may augment the recovery of stroke patients suffering from ... Medscape

A Publication of BMJ Publishing Group  -  Apr 1, 2007
Immediate-Release Levodopa (Compared with Placebo or No Treatment [the term levodopa ... The second RCT found that modified-release levodopa improved the ... AAFP News Now

Finding right therapy when Parkinson's hits young.  -  Jul 10, 2006
The most effective treatments are the drug levodopa, which replaces some of the ... Their top concern: the widespread belief that levodopa should be a ... Free with registration - America's Intelligence Wire - AccessMyLibrary.com

Rasagiline Linked to Decreased "Off" Time in Parkinson's Disease: …  -  Oct 3, 2005
But if you look at the group that was receiving levodopa and were concurrently taking ... In patients taking dopamine agonists and levodopa, the addition of ... DG News

Selegiline for Parkinson's disease  -  Dec 8, 2008
In people with advanced Parkinson's disease who are taking levodopa, rasagiline or selegiline may be added to levodopa treatment to reduce motor ... WebMD

Chronic tics did not worsen for patients on levodopa.(care and...  -  Jul 1, 2006
LA JOLLA, CALIF. -- Children and adults with chronic tic disorders who were treated with levodopa did not experience a worsening of tics, Dr. Mollie Gordon ... Free with registration - Clinical Psychiatry News - AccessMyLibrary.com

… Research; Pergolide protects against levodopa-induced cytotoxicity...  -  Mar 13, 2005
..."The issues of whether levodopa induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis of NSCs ... In this study, the possible cytotoxicity of levodopa at different doses on ... Pay-Per-View - Medical Devices & Surgical Technology... - Factiva, from Dow Jones

Avigen Announces Encouraging Early Data From Parkinson's Disease …  -  Jul 19, 2005
Levodopa, the first-line drug for treating symptoms of the disease requires ... As Parkinson's disease progresses, however, levodopa typically becomes less ... RedOrbit

Parkinson's disease.(development of Parkinson drug treatments )  -  Jan 1, 2005
Combining levodopa with carbidopa (Sinemet) allows more levodopa to cross the blood-brain barrier and reduces adverse effects. ... Free with registration - New Medical Therapies -- Parkinson's... - AccessMyLibrary.com

Levodopa Remains the Best at Treating Parkinson's Disease As There …  -  Mar 30, 2006
Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c32164) has announced the addition of Parkinson's Disease Presents Lucrative Market ... RedOrbit

… significant additional benefits to levodopa treated Parkinson's...  -  Sep 25, 2005
The LARGO study investigated the response to treatment in 687 levodopa treated patients who were randomized to receive Azilect, entacapone or placebo. ... Medical News Today - Medical News Today (press release)

Levodopa remains the best at treating Parkinson Disease as there are ...  -  Mar 28, 2006
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an attractive target for drug development because of the chronic, progressive nature of the disease and the fact that no ... Free with registration - M2 Presswire - AccessMyLibrary.com

… motor fluctuations and Parkinson's disease symptoms in levodopa- …  -  Feb 14, 2005
Many patients enrolled were treated, in addition to levodopa, with dopamine agonists, entacapone and/or anticholinergic medications. ... Free with registration - Asia Africa Intelligence Wire - AccessMyLibrary.com

CLINICAL REVIEW: The Treatment of Parkinson's Disease  -  Feb 15, 2005
The main choices are between levodopa preparations with or without ... Despite many new treatment developments in PD, levodopa remains the most effective ... RedOrbit

New laboratory approach to treat Parkinson's  -  Mar 27, 2006
A number of chemicals such as carbidopa, work by slowing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the bloodstream so that more of it reaches the brain. ... LabTechnologist.com

… levels in patients treated with levodopa: motor and cognitive...  -  Jun 1, 2007
The critical dose of levodopa was observed to be 300 mg/d. In terms of cognitive and frontal functions, no significant difference was detected between the ... Free with registration - Alternative Medicine Review - AccessMyLibrary.com

Sun Pharma announces approval to mkt Sinemet CR tablets  -  Aug 25, 2007
Carbidopa with levodopa extended release is indicated for the treatment of ... These generic extended release versions of carbidopa with levodopa are ... Moneycontrol.com

Hedonistic Homeostatic Dysregulation Syndrome: Too Much of a Good …  -  Oct 1, 2006
5 Both patients had been taking excessive amounts of levodopa, he explained. One patient developed recurrent psychosis from levodopa overdose, ... Psychiatric Times

Rivastigmine may delay dementia in Parkinson's.(Geriatric Psychiatry)  -  Apr 1, 2005
During the study, 95% of patients took levodopa and 46% took dopamine agonists. ... Another randomized study showed that levodopa improved motor symptoms at ... Pay-Per-View - Clinical Psychiatry News - Factiva, from Dow Jones

Levodopa and the progression of Parkinson's disease.(Brief Article)  -  Mar 1, 2005
LEVODOPA (LDPA) HAS PROVEN A very valuable treatment for Parkinson's disease (PAR). Since PAR is characterized by a progressive decline in production of ... Free with registration - Critical Care Alert - AccessMyLibrary.com

Medical and Surgical Treatment for Parkinson Disease  -  Apr 13, 2006
Over time people on levodopa or dopamine agonist therapy develop involuntary ... Entacapone acts in the bowels to increase the amount of levodopa absorbed. ... PsychCentral.com

… Offers Extended Release Formulation for Sustained and Stable Levodop...  -  Aug 25, 2008
SRx-501 is an extended release formulation of Levodopa-Carbidopa that is the current gold standard treatment for Parkinson's disease, with global sales ... Nanotechnology News - Nanotechnology News (press release)

Study Links Parkinson's Treatment With Compulsive Behavior  -  Apr 7, 2006
Now a new study suggests it's true – patients who receive levodopa or ... Patients on levodopa alone were much less likely to develop a compulsive behavior. ... Consumer Affairs

Parkinson Disease; Novel active transport system may limit levodopa …  -  Oct 25, 2005
..."Levodopa, the primary drug used to treat patients with Parkinson disease, is transported into the brain by the facilitative amino acid transporter (L1)," ... Pay-Per-View - Science Letter - Factiva, from Dow Jones

Parkinson Disease; Novel active transport system may limit levodopa …  -  Oct 29, 2005
..."Levodopa, the primary drug used to treat patients with Parkinson disease, is transported into the brain by the facilitative amino acid transporter (L1)," ... Pay-Per-View - Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week - Factiva, from Dow Jones

Rivastigmine may delay dementia in Parkinson's.(Neurology)  -  Mar 1, 2005
During the study, 95% of patients took levodopa and 46% took dopamine agonists. ... Another randomized study showed that levodopa improved motor symptoms at ... Free with registration - Internal Medicine News - AccessMyLibrary.com

Professor receives Michael J. Fox grant  -  Feb 21, 2007
With the grant, Luedtke plans to research Levodopa, a medication for ... Levodopa, which can allow patients to regain the motor skills necessary to live a ... The NT Daily

Teva Announces Health Canada Approves AZILECT(R) (Rasagiline) for …  -  Aug 21, 2006
The drug is approved for use as initial monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease and as adjunct therapy to levodopa in moderate to advanced disease. ... RedOrbit

Parkinson Disease; Novel active transport system may limit levodopa …  -  Oct 24, 2005
..."Levodopa, the primary drug used to treat patients with Parkinson disease, is transported into the brain by the facilitative amino acid transporter (L1)," ... Pay-Per-View - Health & Medicine Week - Factiva, from Dow Jones

Fracture Risk Factor; Levodopa-induced hyperhomocysteine raises …  -  Jan 3, 2006
2006 JAN 3 - (NewsRx.com) -- Levodopa-induced hyperhomocysteine raises hip fracture risk in elderly women with Parkinson disease. ... Pay-Per-View - Life Science Weekly - Factiva, from Dow Jones

… : Chronic tics did not worsen for patients on levodopa.(care and...  -  Jul 1, 2006
Chronic tics did not worsen for patients on levodopa.(care and treatment)(Statistical data) ... find Clinical Psychiatry News articles. LA JOLLA, CALIF. Pay-Per-View - Clinical Psychiatry News - HighBeam Research

Treating Parkinson's disease  -  Dec 9, 2007
Levodopa is a medication that is absorbed by the nerve cells in your ... This prevents the levodopa from being destroyed by enzymes (proteins) in your gut. ... NHS Choices

Clinical: Managing Parkinson's disease in the long term.  -  Mar 24, 2006
Levodopa was the earliest effective treatment and was first-line therapy for many ... However, the realisation that long-term use of levodopa produced the ... Free with registration - GP - AccessMyLibrary.com

Cell-based therapy shows promise in patients with Parkinson's disease  -  Apr 28, 2008
RPE cells produce levodopa, the precursor of dopamine. ... The implanted cells serve as a new potential source of levodopa to enhance dopamine production ... Genetic Engineering News - Genetic Engineering News (press release)

Independent Nurse: Clinical - Neurology - Managing Parkinson's...  -  Jan 26, 2007
Levodopa was the earliest effective treatment and was first-line therapy for many ... However, the realisation that long-term use of levodopa produced the ... Free with registration - GP - AccessMyLibrary.com

American Academy of Neurology  -  Jun 1, 2006
Levodopa or a dopamine agonist drug may be used as first-line treatment. Levodopa is safe and effective and does not speed up disease progression. ... Free with registration - Patient Care for the Nurse Practitioner - AccessMyLibrary.com

Neupro ® Filed with the FDA for the Treatment of Advanced-Stage …  -  Dec 13, 2007
These studies demonstrated that rotigotine, as adjunctive therapy to levodopa in patients with advanced-stage Parkinson's disease, showed clinically ... marketwire.com

Stalevo.(drug overview)(Drug overview)  -  Dec 1, 2005
Stalevo contains a combination of three drugs, carbidopa and levodopa (the ... The drug that actually relieves the symptoms of Parkinson's is levodopa. ... Free with registration - PDR Family Guide to Prescription Drugs - AccessMyLibrary.com

Parkinson Disease; US FDA approves Azilect to treat Parkinson disease  -  Jun 14, 2006
The drug is approved for use as initial monotherapy in early PD and as adjunct therapy to levodopa in moderate-to-advanced disease. ... Pay-Per-View - Pharma Business Week - Factiva, from Dow Jones

MAO-B inhibitors do not appear to slow Parkinson's disease progression  -  Aug 25, 2005
Current treatment involves the use of drug therapies such as levodopa (L-dopa), ... MAO-B inhibitors delay the need for levodopa by about six months in ... RxPG NEWS

Stalevo - Levodopa / Carbidopa / Entacapone - Medical Drug  -  Jul 1, 2008
Stalevo is a medicine used to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in patients who are inadequately controlled by other therapies. ... Virtual Medical Centre - The Virtual Medical Centre

Brand Names/Synonyms:
Levodopa is also known by the following brand names and/or synonymsAtamet; Bendopa; Brocadopa; Cidandopa; DA; DOPA; Deadopa; Dopaflex; Dopaidan; Dopal; Dopal-Fher; Dopalina; Dopar; Doparkine; Doparl; Dopasol; Dopaston; Dopastral; Doprin; Eldopal; Eldopar; Eldopatec; Eurodopa; Helfo-Dopa; Insulamina; L-DOPA; L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine; L-Dopa; L-Dopa for Biochemistry 99+%; Laradopa; Larodopa; Ledopa; Levedopa; Levodopa; Levopa; Maipedopa; Parda; Pardopa; Prodopa; Sinemet; Sinemet Cr; Syndopa; Veldopa; Weldopa

Drug Category:
Levodopa is categorized under the following by the FDA: Dopamine Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Antidyskinetics; ATC:N04BA01; ATC:N04BA04

Dosage Forms:
Tablets, pink, scored, each containing levodopa 0.1 g

Absorption:
Levodopa is rapidly absorbed from the proximal small intestine by the large neutral amino acid (LNAA) transport carrier system.

Interactions:
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Chemical IUPAC Name:
2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid





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