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LobotomyThis page contains recent news articles, when available, and an overview of Lobotomy but does not offer medical advice. You should contact your physician with regard to any health issues or concerns.News: Lobotomy Consequence of SoundWe're nearing Thanksgiving, but there's not too much to be thankful for this week. America has turned its back ... Limbaugh protests "Palin is not damaged at all" by loss of candidate she ... - Nov 4, 2009 Media Matters for AmericaI mean, Sarah Palin could have a full frontal lobotomy tomorrow and Limbaugh would be right on top of it. "This lobotomy in no way harms Palin," Limbaugh ... Book review - UNCW alum, 'Pyres' author Nikitas is back - Nov 21, 2009 StarNewsOnline.comJodie, a 30-something redhead, has been spinning her wheels in “lobotomy jobs� down in Atlanta. Then one day, cleaning house for a member of the Falcons, ... Modern Warfare 2 grosses $550 million in first five days - Nov 18, 2009 Christian Science MonitorLast, greatest game EVER! video games is the next survivor of the species, only the strong morale individuals will survive the lobotomy being instilled with ... Stafford says Lions fans "aren't going to run me out of town" - Nov 3, 2009 ProFootballTalkStafford during the closing moments of Sunday's loss to the Greatest Turds on Show, apparently not all of the locals have undergone a football lobotomy. ... Boston checks in on Frank & Jamie - Nov 9, 2009 LA Observed (blog)Later in the piece, Jamie is called "a talented and tenacious lawyer" and an unnamed Boston lawyer says: "Unless she's had a lobotomy since moving to LA, ... For The Week Of November 9-15, 2009 - Nov 9, 2009 The FriskyIn fact it might be so drastic, it might feel as if your old lazy lover has gotten a lobotomy and been reprogrammed to be all about you! ... One flew over the Internet - Nov 2, 2009 TelephonyOnlineIMS, at least from the perspective of the Netheads, is the equivalent of the lobotomy that Nurse Ratched wields to restore order to the asylum by severing ... TENNESSEE WILLIAMS ON STAGE AND SCREEN Panel Set with Burstyn, Howard and ... - Nov 16, 2009 Broadway WorldIn an effort to treat her, Rose's parents authorized a prefrontal lobotomy, a drastic treatment that was thought to help some mental patients who suffered ... Commencal Ramones 1 - Nov 9, 2009 BikeRadar.comMassive strength makes them perfect Teenage Lobotomy material, but while the Ramones 1 is a super-tough, sweet-handling hardcore machine, its stiffness and ... Nonesuch Events for the Weekend of November 20–22 - Nov 20, 2009 Nonesuch Records (blog)For Saturday's sold-out event—jumping off point: "Analysis is like a lobotomy. Who wants to have all their edges shaved off?"—Byrne will be speaking with ... Win two tix to this weekend's Winter Beer Festival - Nov 18, 2009 Philadelphia Citypaper...down the drain. by danya on November 11th, 2009 at 4:39 pm Because, as Tom Waits said, “I'd rather have a bottle in front of me than a frontal lobotomy. ... From the Couch: RIP Talladega - Nov 4, 2009 Yahoo! SportsRyan Newman just got a superspeedway lobotomy, and you forced me to listen to Mark Martin exclaim that, in his entire career, he had never been in that ... Reward for wanted suspect who has been arrested 45 times - Nov 20, 2009 kgw.comLiberate him from his destructive tendencies with a gentle gelding procedure, followed by a nice lobotomy. To add a comment, please register or login. ... Why Write One Fag's Story: An Episodic Serial of Gay San Francisco - Nov 19, 2009 San Francisco Bay TimesShort of a lobotomy, head trauma or Alzheimer's, memories are yours to keep forever, but is that all we have anymore of a San Francisco that is not a ... Bill Clinton, George W. Bush to Debate in NYC - Nov 4, 2009 CBS News2009 11:18 PM EST OH darn I guess this means Bill Clinton will not have to have a temporal lobe lobotomy so as to make it a even match. by BryanW217 ... Flaky French rescued by 'the hand of St Denis' - Nov 18, 2009 Irish Times...was staggering enough to make one wonder if the team that had bored for Ireland through much of the qualifying campaign had had a collective lobotomy. ... MLS Coaching Status - Oct 29, 2009 Washington PostCan you spare me the lobotomy though? @ Ivanovich84 - yup pros, like the ones who have graced the doors of LA (Gals and Goats) and NY. ... The Case For Pump Paintball Part 3 - Nov 18, 2009 68 CaliberSuffice to say that so far as intelligence is concerned, arena ball is woodsball after it has been given a lobotomy. No higher functions required to ... Artful Dodgers, bleeding, blue - Nov 7, 2009 Boston Globe...“Unless she's had a lobotomy since moving to LA, I don't believe she didn't know what she was signing,'' says a prominent Boston attorney who dealt with the ... Delhomme To Remain Panthers QB - Oct 28, 2009 FITSNewsWe're not Panther fans, and barring an unforeseen lobotomy we aren't going to become Panther fans anytime soon. We are, however, fans of Schadenfreude ... Have Lindsay Lohan and Gerrard Butler hooked up? - Nov 2, 2009 Osoblog (blog)Gerrard, who's fast becoming the lobotomy-victim's bit of crumpet, and Lindsay, met up at the launch of the Sol Kerzner Mazagan Beach Resort, ... Did The Tea Partiers Party Too Soon? - Oct 27, 2009 CBS NewsGood job, kids. by rightbehind October 27, 2009 6:08 PM EDT by BruceMajors October 27, 2009 6:13 PM EDT Another poor product of our state monopoly lobotomy ... Why watching TV won't turn your baby into a genius - Oct 29, 2009 Times OnlineThe effect on her was dramatic, as dramatic as the transformation of Jack Nicholson, post-lobotomy, in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. ... Red zone statistics tell a horror story for Cutler, Bears - Nov 15, 2009 Chicago Sun-TimesFor the people that say Orton was better, please, your lobotomy is ready. The fact of the matter is, the talent level of this team is woeful, the coaching ... Last to First: Israel's Economic Miracle - Nov 4, 2009 Jewish Press...amendment attached to any US legislation of interest to the USSR), the Soviet government �nally agreed to a frontal lobotomy of its economy. ... One Tree Hill: The Downward Spiral - Nov 10, 2009 The CW Source (blog)Seriously, does Millie's modeling position come with a frontal lobotomy? She's had a total personality transplant! And when did she find the time to steal ... Ghost hunting show at aslyum draws flack - Oct 28, 2009 Indiana GazetteHe is considered to have perfected a graphic procedure commonly known as an ``ice-pick lobotomy.'' On the night before Halloween, the Travel Channel's show ... TV SoundOff: Sunday Talking Heads - Nov 1, 2009 Huffington Post (blog)Either release the cerebral pressure that's keeping him from just admitting he's Bill Kristol's personal Mini-Me, or complete the lobotomy that nature ... Saying 'I do' to eloping - Nov 11, 2009 Kansas.comEven if you churn through wives faster than Larry King, if this is her first time down the aisle, you must act like you've had a lobotomy and find every ... Today's Jack-O-Lantern, Tomorrow's Roadkill - Oct 29, 2009 New West...“Full frontal lobotomy!� they both yelled. It's become our family joke, that we're performing brain surgery on these poor hapless gourds. ... That Adam Lambert, he's no shrinking violet - Oct 31, 2009 Digital Spy...voice the sound that is produced is as is his voice were in a straight jacket and he had received a lobotomy and he was mouthing words he did not feel. ... Citizen Kidney has not lost his powers - Nov 6, 2009 Irish TimesOn the face of it, Ireland embark upon a new season having had a collective mental lobotomy. Where a year ago they were clinging on to ninth place in the ... Blackest Night: DAMN DIRTY ZOMBIES 10: "And You Too, Guy." - Nov 13, 2009 NewsaramaWe start off with a convenient recap of the life of Stealth and her relationship with Vril Dox, including the birth and lobotomy of their son Lyrl and her ... MTV's 'Styl'd' takes stupidity to a new level - Nov 5, 2009 Tufts DailyWatching “Styl'd� is like getting a lobotomy, but the ridiculousness of its drama may be the show's one and only saving grace. Viewers get to watch everyday ... Green Day Punk Show Pushes American Idiocy Across World: Review - Nov 1, 2009 Bloomberg...“Boulevard of Broken Dreams�, “Before the Lobotomy� and “King For A Day� all punch their weight. The final encore is signed off with “Time of Your Life ... What McDonnell's Win Means for the GOP, Obama - Nov 3, 2009 CBS NewsCould it be that those who have not had a lobotomy are figuring out that socialism/marxism may not work so well after all. Who would have thunk it? ... Predictions: I see dead people (also Dogs and Falcons) - Oct 29, 2009 Atlanta Journal ConstitutionI feel like the Chief when he found Randall P. McMurphy after the lobotomy. Take the Roosters and 5 1/2. And in an upset. Steve Spurrier was more fun when ... Levine: Hating the Yankees: hypocritical, but fun - Nov 8, 2009 The News JournalYou consider a lobotomy to erase such thoughts and images. Watching New York teams celebrate -- in any sport, even indoor lacrosse -- is so difficult for ... Crossing the border for honeymoon - Nov 10, 2009 Mid Columbia Tri City HeraldAnd not to trust people who looked like they had had a lobotomy. Seriously, the last agent had a large scar on top of his forehead that went from ... Gordon Brown doesn't deserve this criticism - Nov 11, 2009 Telegraph.co.ukOnly people with a frontal lobotomy can defend him. Brown was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1997 until Blair realised things were about to turn ugly and ... Live Review: Green Day - Nov 9, 2009 NME.comThe opening chords to 'Holiday' induce throaty joy, and the pedestrian likes of 'The Static Age' and 'Before The Lobotomy', a plodding donkey of a tune, ... Voting Like Episcopalians - Oct 27, 2009 Right Side NewsDuring the 2008 election, Buffett said that it would take a lobotomy for him to vote for a Republican candidate because of his views on social justice. ... Ghost Craze Continues in Foreclosure - Oct 30, 2009 ShockTillYouDrop.comMichelle Williams and Meat Loaf starred in Ledes' first film, A Hole in One, about a woman who wants a lobotomy in 1953, and Frank Langella and Elliott ... Deadman's Toys - The Dead: Spe... - Nov 12, 2009 HorrorMovies.caThis plague-ridden trio, including Specimen 090: Probe, Specimen 187: Bullet, and Specimen 419: Lobotomy, depicts just a few of the desperate attempts to ... Hats Off To You June Cleaver, Hats Off - Nov 1, 2009 Tucson CitizenThough the introduction of the chemical lobotomy Prozac and its counterparts had not been invented quite yet, June Cleaver was truly on some sort of drug…or ... The essential New York album - Nov 3, 2009 Time Out New YorkAs a kid from Queens that used to sit in his room and play along to 'Teenage Lobotomy,' the Ramones gave me hope. I looked like them: long hair, ... A Treatise on Rebel Athletics - Nov 3, 2009 Red Cup RebellionBut, whether it be Eli Manning's balance, Bryce Drew's jumpshot, the Rebel Bullpen, Chris Warren's connective tissues, or Jevan Snead's botched lobotomy, ... Mario Made From 40000 LEGO Bricks - Nov 5, 2009 Kotaku.comNo, that man did not give Mario a lobotomy, he is building the biggest LEGO Mario in the whole damn world. Revealed during LEGO World Fair this past October ... And nation shall speak unto itself - Oct 30, 2009 Financial TimesComing to the BBC, he had an “opinion lobotomy�; his ability to question bias led to his now-famed comment that his employer did (as the right had long ... Background information on Lobotomy [When available] Psychosurgery is a term for surgeries of the brain or autonomic nervous system involving the severance of neural pathways to effect a change in behaviour, usually to treat or alleviate severe mental illness. The procedures typically considered psychosurgery are now almost universally shunned as inappropriate, due in part to the emergence of less invasive methods of treatment such as psychiatric medication. Although the term psychosurgery might imply a broad class of treatments, in reality, it is confined to variations on two themes:
History There is evidence that trephining (or trepanning)—the practice of drilling holes in the skull for pseudo-medical reasons—has been in widespread, if infrequent, use since 5000 BCE. This may have been done in an attempt to allow the brain to expand in the case of increased brain fluid pressure, for example after head injuries; several documented cases of healed wounds indicate that such crude surgery could be survived back then. However, psychosurgery as understood today was not commonly practised until the early 20th century. The first systematic attempts at psychosurgery in humans occurred from 1935, when the neurologist Egas Moniz teamed up with the surgeon Almeida Lima at the University of Lisbon to perform a series of prefrontal leucotomies - a procedure severing the connection between the prefrontal cortex and the rest of the brain. This procedure is commonly (and incorrectly) called a "lobotomy", although this name should refer to a whole class of unrelated surgeries (that is, a lobotomy should refer to the removal of a lobe of the brain, not merely the severing of interconnections). Moniz and Lima claimed fair results, especially in the treatment of depression, although about 6% of patients did not survive the operation and there were often marked and adverse changes in the patients' personality and social functioning. Despite the risks the process was taken up with some enthusiasm, notably in the US, as a treatment for previously incurable mental conditions. Moniz received a Nobel Prize in 1949. The initial criteria for treatment were quite steep, only a few conditions of "tortured self-concern" were put forward for treatment. Severe chronic anxiety, depression with risk of suicide and incapacitating obsessive-compulsive disorder were the main symptoms treated. The original leucotomy was a crude operation and the practice was soon developed into a more exact, stereotactic procedure where only very small lesions were placed in the brain. The procedure was popularized in the United States when Walter Freeman invented the "icepick lobotomy" procedure, which literally used an icepick and rubber mallet instead of the standard surgical leucotome. Leaving no visible scars, the icepick lobotomy was heralded as a great advance in "minimally invasive" surgery, and was eventually done under only local anaesthesia. In a minimally invasive procedure, Freeman would hammer the icepick into the skull just above the tear duct and wiggle it around. Between 1936 through the 1950s, he advocated lobotomies throughout the United States. Such was Freeman's zeal that he began to travel around the nation in his own personal van, which he called his "lobotomobile", demonstrating the procedure in many medical centres. He reputedly even performed a few lobotomies in hotel rooms. Freeman's advocacy led to great popularity for lobotomy as a general cure for all perceived ills, including misbehaviour in children. Ultimately between 40,000 and 50,000 patients were lobotomised. A follow-up study of almost 10,000 patients claimed 41% were "recovered" or "greatly improved", 28% were "minimally improved", 25% showed "no change", 4% had died, while only 2% were made worse off (Tooth, et al 1961). Lobotomies gradually became unfashionable with the development of antipsychotics and are no longer performed. The era of lobotomy is now generally regarded as a barbaric episode in psychiatric history. It is possible that some patients did benefit from the more precise psychosurgery, but there was a strong division amongst the medical profession as to the viability of the treatment and concern over the irreversible nature of the operation and the extension of the surgery into the treatment of unsuitable cases (drug or alcohol dependence, sexual disorders etc). Whatever the truth, psychosurgery was offered in only a few centres and by the 1960s the number of operations was in decline. The signal improvements in psychopharmacology and behaviour therapy gave the opportunity for more effective and less invasive treatment. Neurological impact The frontal lobe of the brain controls a number of advanced cognitive functions, as well as motor control. Motor control is located at the rear of the frontal lobe, and is usually unaffected by psychosurgery. The anterior or prefrontal area is involved in impulse control, judgement, language, memory, motor function, problem solving, sexual behaviour, socialization and spontaneity. Frontal lobes assist in planning, coordinating, controlling and executing behaviour. Thus, the efficacy of psychosurgery was often related to changes in personality and reduced spontaneity (this included making the person quieter, and lowering their sex-drive). Certain processes related to schizophrenia are also believed to occur in the frontal lobe, and may explain some success. However, certain types of inappropriate behaviours increased, as a function of reduced impulse control (in some respects they became more child-like). Further, it decreased their ability to function as a member of the community by reducing their problem solving and planning abilities and making them less flexible and adaptive. It usually had no impact on IQ except with respect to problem-solving. Present day Psychosurgery today is almost entirely limited to endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS surgery). While this is normally used for somatic conditions, many patients with anxiety disorder report significant reduction in fear and alertness after this intervention (Teleranta, Pohjavaara, et al 2003,2004). Today, lobotomy is very infrequently practised. It may be a treatment of last resort of OCD sufferers, and may also be used for people suffering chronic pain. In the latter case, the surgery does not act on the perception of pain, but leads to a lack of concern about the pain. The procedure usually involves a 2-3cm lesion in the cingulum, near the corpus callosum. The efficacy is not high, with improvement in 5 of 18 patients (Baer et al., 1995). Lobotomy is no longer used as a treatment for schizophrenia. From Wikipedia Background information on Search the web for more resources on Lobotomy |
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